The purpose of this study was to assess the concentration of vitamins and minerals in meat protein hydrolysates. Calcium, phosphorus and iron were analyzed by inductively coupled-plasma atomic emission spectrophotometry; vitamin C was analyzed by the reduction of cupric ions and vitamins B1 and B2 by fluorescence. Regarding minerals, the beef hydrolysate (BH) had more iron than the turkey hydrolysate (TH) and the chicken hydrolysate (CH); TH had a little more phosphorus. BH had the largest amount of vitamin C, and similar amounts of vitamins B1 and B2. The amount of these nutrients found in the hydrolysates suggests that it is possible to use them to enrich special dietary formulations.

FUNDAMENTO: As crianças com cardiopatia congênita geralmente são desnutridas e apresentam algum grau de comprometimento funcional e/ou estrutural dos orgãos. Existe, ainda, uma deficiência na ingestão de nutrientes, corroborada pelo controle hídrico, que limita o aporte nutricional de alguns cardiopatas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o consumo alimentar de crianças com cardiopatia congênita internadas na Unidade de Pediatria Cardiológica de hospital-escola público. MÉTODOS: O consumo de alimentos e nutrientes foi calculado pelo consumo alimentar de três dias (método direto de pesagem) e o cálculo das calorias e nutrientes foi feito pelo software Virtual Nutri. RESULTADOS: O consumo de calorias/kg peso, de proteínas diárias, de sódio e de vitamina A esteve dentro do recomendado (p < 0,05). Todavia, as calorias diárias, os lipídios, as fibras, o potássio e o ferro estiveram abaixo do recomendado (p < 0,05) e, as proteínas/kg peso, os carboidratos, o cálcio e a vitamina C estiveram acima do recomendado (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Crianças com cardiopatia congênita têm dietas inadequadas e, portanto, necessitam de orientação nutricional para haver ingestão dietética adequada e conseqüente melhora do crescimento e do desenvolvimento pondo-estatural, garantindo melhor qualidade de vida aos pacientes.

BACKGROUND: Children with congenital heart disease are usually malnourished and present some degree of functional and/or structural impairment of organs. There is also deficiency in nutrient intake, due to the control of fluids required by some patients which restrains the nutrient intake of some cardiac children. OBJECTIVE: To assess the food intake of children with congenital heart disease hospitalized in the pediatric heart unit of a "Public Teaching Hospital". METHODS: The intake of food and nutrients was calculated based on the food consumed during three days (direct weighting method) and the calories and nutrients were calculated using the Virtual Nutri software. RESULTS: The intake of calories per kilogram of body weight, of daily proteins, sodium and vitamin A was within the recommended levels (p < 0.05). However, the intake of daily calories, fats, fiber, potassium and iron was below the recommended levels (p < 0.05) and the intake of proteins per kilogram, carbohydrates, calcium and vitamin C was above the recommended levels (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Children with congenital cardiopathy have inadequate diets, and therefore, need nutritional guidance to foster adequate dietary intake and the resulting improvement in growth and weight and height development, guaranteeing better quality of life to the patients.

Foi realizado um inquérito sobre tabus alimentares em duas localidades do Município de Marabá, PA, Brasil: São Félix e Murumuru, tendo sido estudadas, respectivamente, 90 e 35 famílias. Dos tabus alimentares encontrados, foi grande a restrição feita à ingestão simultânea de leite com várias frutas, especialmente com manga, laranja, cajú e abacaxi; também a ingestão simultânea de ovos com frutas foram referidas como hábitos que devem ser evitados, assim como a mistura de carne de mamíferos com peixes. Quanto à ingestão simultânea de frutas, destaca-se a proibição de uma fruta regional, o açaí, com outras 10 frutas. Foi mais elevado o número de restrições alimentares durante a lactação do que durante a gravidez, principalmente de carne de caça e de peixes, abundantes na região estudada. Os motivos mais citados para justificar os tabus alimentares foram: "faz mal", "mata", "congestão" e "vômito".

A study was carried out into alimentary taboos in two localities (São Félix and Mummuru) in the county of Marabá, State of Pará, Brazil. Ninety families were studied in São Félix and thirty-five in Murumuru. As regards the feeding taboos found, the most frequent was that prohibiting the simultaneous ingestion of milk and various types of fruit, including especially mango, orange, cashew and pineapple. The ingestion of eggs with fruit was also considered harmful as well as the eating of mammalian flesh at the same time as fish. Restrictions based on taboos were more frequent during breast feeding than during pregnancy, especially those regarding game flesh and fish that abound in the region under study. The most frequently mentioned reasons for the restrictions were: "the combination causes harm", "the combination kills", "the combination causes congestion" and "it causes vomiting".

Foi realizado um inquérito sobre tabus alimentares em duas localidades do Município de Marabá, PA, Brasil: São Félix e Murumuru, tendo sido estudadas, respectivamente, 90 e 35 famílias. Dos tabus alimentares encontrados, foi grande a restrição feita à ingestão simultânea de leite com várias frutas, especialmente com manga, laranja, cajú e abacaxi; também a ingestão simultânea de ovos com frutas foram referidas como hábitos que devem ser evitados, assim como a mistura de carne de mamíferos com peixes. Quanto à ingestão simultânea de frutas, destaca-se a proibição de uma fruta regional, o açaí, com outras 10 frutas. Foi mais elevado o número de restrições alimentares durante a lactação do que durante a gravidez, principalmente de carne de caça e de peixes, abundantes na região estudada. Os motivos mais citados para justificar os tabus alimentares foram: "faz mal", "mata", "congestão" e "vômito".

A study was carried out into alimentary taboos in two localities (São Félix and Mummuru) in the county of Marabá, State of Pará, Brazil. Ninety families were studied in São Félix and thirty-five in Murumuru. As regards the feeding taboos found, the most frequent was that prohibiting the simultaneous ingestion of milk and various types of fruit, including especially mango, orange, cashew and pineapple. The ingestion of eggs with fruit was also considered harmful as well as the eating of mammalian flesh at the same time as fish. Restrictions based on taboos were more frequent during breast feeding than during pregnancy, especially those regarding game flesh and fish that abound in the region under study. The most frequently mentioned reasons for the restrictions were: "the combination causes harm", "the combination kills", "the combination causes congestion" and "it causes vomiting".

Realizou-se levantamento da prevalência de dislipidemias e alguns fatores de risco (hipertensão, obesidade e alcoolismo), em uma população típica da periferia do Município de São Paulo, SP (Brasil). A prevalência de um ou mais fatores de risco foi maior do que 50% em todos os grupos etários. No que concerne às dislipidemias propriamente ditas, foi de aproximadamente 49%, 58% e 57% nos grupos etários de 20 a 39 anos, 40 a 59 anos e 60 anos e mais, respectivamente. A dislipidemia mais freqüente foi devido a baixos níveis de HDL-colesterol, principalmente nos mais jovens, entre 29 e 39 anos. Nos outros dois grupos etários houve prevalência maior de "outras dislipidemias". A obesidade isolada ou associada foi o fator de risco mais relevante na população estudada. Levanta-se a hipótese de que as dislipidemias podem constituir-se em grave problema de Saúde Pública nas populações periféricas da cidade de São Paulo.

A survey of the prevalence of lipemic disorders and some risk factors associated with them (obesity, hypertension and alcoholism), in a representative sample of the population of 20 years of age and over in a locality typical of the peripheral zone of the Greater S. Paulo Region, Brazil, both in terms of the poverty of the population and with regard to the lack of public sources such as sewage, transport and housing, is undertaken. The following results were obtained: a) the prevalence of one risk factor was of about 55%, and of two or more associated risk factors was of approximately 9% in the age group from 20 to 39. There was found to be a prevalence of about 51% and 57%, respectively of two or more associated risk factors for the age groups from 40 to 59 and 60 years of age and over; b) the prevalence of lipemic disorders proper was of about 49%, 58% and 57% respectively, for the age groups of 20 to 39, 40 to 59 and 60 years of age and over. In these cases the most prevalent risk factors among men were alcoholism and hypertension, either isolatedly or associated with obesity, and among women the most prevalent was obesity, alone or associated with hypertension; c) the most prevalent lipemic disorder was due to HDL-cholesterol, mainly among the younger people. The prevalence lower-than-normal HDL-cholesterol, was of about 28% and of "other lipemic disorders" was of 22% in the age group between 20 and 39 years of age. For those between 40 and 59 years of age the prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol and "other lipemic disorders" was of about 20% and 38% respectively. Among those above 60 years of age, the prevalence of HDL-cholesterol below normal was of about 7% and "other lipemic disorders" was of aproximately 50%; d) obesity whether isolated or associated, was the most significant with higher "prevalence risk ratio". The lipemic disorders and risk factors studied probably represent a severe public health problem for the population of the peripheral zone of the city of S. Paulo.

Realizou-se levantamento da prevalência de dislipidemias e alguns fatores de risco (hipertensão, obesidade e alcoolismo), em uma população típica da periferia do Município de São Paulo, SP (Brasil). A prevalência de um ou mais fatores de risco foi maior do que 50% em todos os grupos etários. No que concerne às dislipidemias propriamente ditas, foi de aproximadamente 49%, 58% e 57% nos grupos etários de 20 a 39 anos, 40 a 59 anos e 60 anos e mais, respectivamente. A dislipidemia mais freqüente foi devido a baixos níveis de HDL-colesterol, principalmente nos mais jovens, entre 29 e 39 anos. Nos outros dois grupos etários houve prevalência maior de "outras dislipidemias". A obesidade isolada ou associada foi o fator de risco mais relevante na população estudada. Levanta-se a hipótese de que as dislipidemias podem constituir-se em grave problema de Saúde Pública nas populações periféricas da cidade de São Paulo.

A survey of the prevalence of lipemic disorders and some risk factors associated with them (obesity, hypertension and alcoholism), in a representative sample of the population of 20 years of age and over in a locality typical of the peripheral zone of the Greater S. Paulo Region, Brazil, both in terms of the poverty of the population and with regard to the lack of public sources such as sewage, transport and housing, is undertaken. The following results were obtained: a) the prevalence of one risk factor was of about 55%, and of two or more associated risk factors was of approximately 9% in the age group from 20 to 39. There was found to be a prevalence of about 51% and 57%, respectively of two or more associated risk factors for the age groups from 40 to 59 and 60 years of age and over; b) the prevalence of lipemic disorders proper was of about 49%, 58% and 57% respectively, for the age groups of 20 to 39, 40 to 59 and 60 years of age and over. In these cases the most prevalent risk factors among men were alcoholism and hypertension, either isolatedly or associated with obesity, and among women the most prevalent was obesity, alone or associated with hypertension; c) the most prevalent lipemic disorder was due to HDL-cholesterol, mainly among the younger people. The prevalence lower-than-normal HDL-cholesterol, was of about 28% and of "other lipemic disorders" was of 22% in the age group between 20 and 39 years of age. For those between 40 and 59 years of age the prevalence of low HDL-cholesterol and "other lipemic disorders" was of about 20% and 38% respectively. Among those above 60 years of age, the prevalence of HDL-cholesterol below normal was of about 7% and "other lipemic disorders" was of aproximately 50%; d) obesity whether isolated or associated, was the most significant with higher "prevalence risk ratio". The lipemic disorders and risk factors studied probably represent a severe public health problem for the population of the peripheral zone of the city of S. Paulo.